Processed Materials – Steel

Table of Contents:

Steel is an important and indispensable material in modern industry. Due to its excellent properties and wide range of applications, steel is very popular among customers. This article will delve into the basics of steel, its types, properties and industry applications to help you understand the value of this material more fully.

I. Reasons why steel is preferred by customers as a processing steel

Steel is the material of choice for machining due to its strength, toughness and wear resistance. This article will describe the composition, properties of steel and its applications in various industries to help you better understand its importance.

II. Overview of Steel

1. What is steel?

Iron and steel are metallic materials alloyed with iron and small amounts of carbon and are used in a wide range of applications such as construction, manufacturing and transportation.

Steel

2. Composition of steel

The main components of steel include:

  • Iron (Fe): the basic component that determines the main properties of steel.
  • Carbon (C): enhances hardness and strength.
  • Alloying elements: such as manganese and chromium, improve the properties of steel.

3. Sources of steel

Iron and steel are mainly produced by the following smelting methods:

  • Blast furnace smelting: Iron ore and coke are melted in a blast furnace to produce pig iron.
  • Electric Arc Furnace Smelting: Scrap steel or pig iron is heated using an electric arc for refining.

4. Common Properties of Iron and Steel

Iron and steel usually have good strength, toughness, and wear resistance, making them excellent in a variety of applications.

III. Different types of steel

Classified according to their chemical composition:

  • Carbon Steel: Based on the carbon content, it is further classified into low carbon steel, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel.
  • Alloy Steels: Based on the total content of alloying elements, they are categorized as low alloy steels, medium alloy steels and high alloy steels.

Classification by quality:

  • Ordinary steel
  • Premium Steel
  • High quality steel

Classified by use:

  • Structural steel: including machinery manufacturing steel, construction and engineering steel, etc.;
  • Tool steels: including carbon tool steels and alloy tool steels, etc;
  • Special performance steels: special performance steels cover stainless and acid-resistant steels, heat-resistant steels, electrical steels, etc.

These categorizations help people to choose the right steel material for their specific needs, ensuring its performance and reliability in a particular application.

IV. Steel Properties (Tables)

Table 1: Properties and Uses of Steels of Different Chemical Compositions

Name

Description

Common steels

Advantages

Carbon content

Applications

Mild steel

Suitable for plastic processing

Q235

Good weldability and plasticity

0.04%-0.3%

Building construction, automobile manufacturing

Medium carbon steel

Moderate strength and hardness

Q345

Good strength and toughness

0.3%-0.6%

Mechanical parts, gears

High carbon steel

High hardness, poor toughness

SK5

Higher hardness and wear resistance

0.6%-1.5%

Knives, springs

Table 2: Differences between different qualities of steel

Category

Sulfur content

Phosphorus content

Main characteristics

Main applications

Ordinary steel

≦0.055%

≦0.045%

Chemical composition in accordance with the provisions, but do not need special quality control

Construction, bridges and other large engineering structures

High quality steel

≦0.04%

≦0.04%

High plasticity, high toughness, strict quality control

Tool steel, structural steel, etc.

Advanced quality steel

≦0.03%

≦0.035%

High strength, high hardness, high plasticity, high toughness, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance

High precision, high quality parts manufacturing

Table 3: Different uses of steel

Category

Use

Characteristics

Structural steel

Used to build engineering structures that bear loads, such as bridges and buildings.

Emphasis on strength and formability to ensure that no permanent deformation or damage occurs during use.


Tool Steel

Used in the manufacture of various cutting tools, cold and hot deformation molds, gauges and other tools.

Emphasizes high hardness, wear resistance and red hardness at high temperatures, as well as appropriate toughness.


Special Performance Steels


Used to manufacture parts with special physical or chemical properties, such as stainless steel, heat-resistant steel, wear-resistant steel.

With special physical or chemical properties, in addition to requiring certain mechanical properties.


V. Industry applications of steel

Steel is widely used in various industries, including:

1.Construction

The construction industry has stringent requirements for the strength and durability of materials. Steel is often used in beams, bracing and framing of building structures to ensure the stability and safety of the building. Its excellent resistance to compression and bending makes it a core material for modern construction.

Steel support frame

2.The automotive industry

In the automotive industry, steel is the main material used in the manufacture of bodies, chassis and engine parts. Its high strength and good plasticity ensure the safety and stability of vehicles. At the same time, the recyclability of steel makes it valuable in sustainable development.

Alloy steel automotive wheel rims

3. Mechanical engineering

Steel is widely used in the mechanical engineering industry, mainly for the production of mechanical components such as gears, bearings and various tools. Its resistance to wear and high strength makes it suitable for heavy loads, ensuring the long-term operation and reliability of machinery and equipment.

CNC machining of steel gears

4. Aerospace

The aerospace industry places high demands on materials that are both lightweight and strong. Steel is often used in the fuselage, wings and engine components of airplanes to ensure safety and structural stability at high altitudes.

CNC machined steel aircraft landing gear

5. Energy industry

In the energy industry, steel is used to manufacture key equipment such as pipes, generators and wind turbine components. Its corrosion resistance and high strength properties enable it to meet the demands of high temperature and high pressure environments, ensuring the efficient transportation and conversion of energy.

Motor rotor core

6. Rail transportation

The applications of steel in rail transportation cover everything from the manufacture of rails, wheels, axles and car bodies to a wide range of infrastructure and other components. Its strength and abrasion resistance enable it to withstand high loads and ensure the safe operation of trains, making it an indispensable material for railroad infrastructure.

CNC machining of high-speed rail axles

VI. Common manufacturing methods for steel parts

steel-CNC-machining
CNC machining

High precision, high efficiency, suitable for a variety of complex parts.

Melt Mold Casting
Investment casting

Suitable for complex shaped parts with high precision and smooth surface.

3D printing

Suitable for small batch and rapid prototyping of complex structures.

Allied Metal provides one-stop steel parts machining service to meet various machining needs.

Contact us immediately for processing details

VII. Advantages and Disadvantages of Steel in Manufacturing

Advantages:

  • High strength: able to withstand large loads.
  • Good abrasion resistance: suitable for heavy loads and high wear applications.
  • Excellent machinability: adaptable to a wide range of manufacturing processes.

Disadvantages

  • Rust-prone: anti-corrosion treatment is required.
  • High weight: may affect lightweight design of structures.
  • Brittleness: high carbon steel tends to fracture at low temperatures.

VIII. Summarization

Steel is an important material in the processing industry because of its excellent properties and wide range of applications. Understanding its basics, types and properties will help you make informed decisions on material selection. We hope this article has provided you with valuable information!

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